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AGREEMENT
TO WAIVE FEES AND REIMBURSE EXPENSES
THIS
AGREEMENT is made this 30th day of November 2021, between Ariel Investments, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Adviser), and Ariel Investment Trust, a Massachusetts
business trust (the Trust).
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Trust is a registered open-end management investment company with multiple authorized series;
WHEREAS, the Adviser serves as the investment adviser for the Trust; and
WHEREAS, both the Adviser and the Trust agree it is important that the actual expenses of Ariel Focus Fund (the Fund) not exceed a
specified percentage of the net assets on an annual basis; and
WHEREAS, this Agreement, effective November 30, 2021, supersedes any previous
agreement in effect to waive fees and reimburse expenses.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereby agree as follows:
1. |
Expense Caps. Adviser agrees to waive fees and reimburse the expenses of the Fund to the extent it is necessary to |
2. |
Duration of Agreement. This Agreement shall be effective for an initial period beginning on the date above stated and |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed and sealed this Agreement, all as of the date first written above.
ARIEL INVESTMENTS, LLC | ||
By: |
/s/ Mellody L. Hobson |
|
Name: Mellody L. Hobson | ||
Its: President, Co-CEO | ||
ARIEL INVESTMENT TRUST | ||
By: |
/s/ James R. Rooney |
|
Name: James R. Rooney | ||
Its: Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Vice President |
AGREEMENT
TO WAIVE FEES AND REIMBURSE EXPENSES
THIS
AGREEMENT is made this 30th day of November 2021, between Ariel Investments, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Adviser), and Ariel Investment Trust, a Massachusetts
business trust (the Trust).
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Trust is a registered open-end management investment company with multiple authorized series;
WHEREAS, the Adviser serves as the investment adviser for the Trust; and
WHEREAS, both the Adviser and the Trust agree it is important that the actual expenses of Ariel International Fund (the Fund) not exceed a
specified percentage of the net assets on an annual basis; and
WHEREAS, this Agreement, effective November 30, 2021, supersedes any previous
agreement in effect to waive fees and reimburse expenses.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereby agree as follows:
1. |
Expense Caps. Adviser agrees to waive fees and reimburse the expenses of the Fund to the extent it is necessary to |
2. |
Duration of Agreement. This Agreement shall be effective for an initial period beginning on the date above stated and |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed and sealed this Agreement, all as of the date first written above.
ARIEL INVESTMENTS, LLC | ||
By: |
/s/ Mellody L. Hobson |
|
Name: Mellody L. Hobson | ||
Its: President, Co-CEO | ||
ARIEL INVESTMENT TRUST | ||
By: |
/s/ James R. Rooney |
|
Name: James R. Rooney | ||
Its: Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Vice President |
AGREEMENT
TO WAIVE FEES AND REIMBURSE EXPENSES
THIS
AGREEMENT is made this 30th day of November 2021, between Ariel Investments, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Adviser), and Ariel Investment Trust, a Massachusetts
business trust (the Trust).
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Trust is a registered open-end management investment company with multiple authorized series;
WHEREAS, the Adviser serves as the investment adviser for the Trust; and
WHEREAS, both the Adviser and the Trust agree it is important that the actual expenses of Ariel Global Fund (the Fund) not exceed a
specified percentage of the net assets on an annual basis; and
WHEREAS, this Agreement, effective November 30, 2021, supersedes any previous
agreement in effect to waive fees and reimburse expenses.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereby agree as follows:
1. |
Expense Caps. Adviser agrees to waive fees and reimburse the expenses of the Fund to the extent it is necessary to |
2. |
Duration of Agreement. This Agreement shall be effective for an initial period beginning on the date above stated and |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed and sealed this Agreement, all as of the date first written above.
ARIEL INVESTMENTS, LLC | ||
By: |
/s/ Mellody L. Hobson |
|
Name: Mellody L. Hobson | ||
Its: President, Co-CEO | ||
ARIEL INVESTMENT TRUST | ||
By: |
/s/ James R. Rooney |
|
Name: James R. Rooney | ||
Its: Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Vice President |
ARIEL INVESTMENT TRUST
SECOND AMENDMENT TO AMENDED AND RESTATED
TRANSFER AGENT SERVICING AGREEMENT
THIS SECOND AMENDMENT dated as of this 20th day of December, 2021 to the
Amended and Restated Transfer Agent Servicing Agreement, dated as of January 1, 2016 (the Agreement), is entered into by and between ARIEL INVESTMENT TRUST, a Massachusetts business trust, (the Trust), and U.S.
BANCORP FUND SERVICES, LLC, a Wisconsin limited liability company (USBFS).
WHEREAS, the parties have entered into
the Agreement; and
WHEREAS, the parties desire to amend the term of the Agreement; and
WHEREAS, Section 13 of the Agreement allows for its amendment by written agreement executed by the parties and authorized or
approved by the Board of Trustees; and
NOW THEREFORE, the parties agree to amend Section 13 of the Agreement as follows:
Section 13 of the Agreement is hereby superseded and replaced with the following Section 13:
13. |
Term of Agreement; Amendment |
This Agreement will continue in effect until December 31, 2022. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be terminated by any
party upon (1) giving 120 days prior written notice to the other party or (2) such shorter period as mutually agreed upon by the parties or (3) the breach of the other party of any material term of this Agreement if such breach is not
cured within 15 days of written notice of such breach to the breaching party. This Agreement may not be amended or modified in any manner except by written agreement executed by USBFS and the Trust and authorized or approved by the Board of
Trustees. The provisions of this Section 13 shall also apply to all Exhibits of the Agreement.
Except to the extent amended hereby, the Agreement
shall remain in full force and effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Second Amendment to be executed by a duly
authorized officer on one or more counterparts as of the date and year first written above.
ARIEL INVESTMENT TRUST | U.S BANCORP FUND SERVICES, LLC | |||||||
By: /s/ James R. Rooney |
By: /s/ Michael D. Barolsky | |||||||
Name: James R. Rooney |
Name: Michael D. Barolsky | |||||||
Title: | Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer | Title: | Senior Vice President |
1
THE NORTHERN TRUST COMPANY
50 South LaSalle, St
Chicago,
Illinois 60603
March 31, 2021
Ariel Investment Trust
c/o Ariel Investments LLC
200 East Randolph Street
Suite 2900
Chicago, IL 60601
Attn: Mr. James R. Rooney
Re:
Ariel Investment Trust $125,000,000 Overdraft FacilityRenewal Amendment
Dear Sirs,
Reference is made to that certain letter agreement dated as of April 1, 2016 by and between The Northern Trust Company (the
Bank) and Ariel Investment Trust, a registered open-end management investment company (the Trust) on behalf of the accounts, series or portfolios of the Trust which are
listed beneath the Trusts name on the signature page thereto (each such account, series or portfolio, a Borrower and, collectively, the Borrowers), in respect of an overdraft facility not exceeding
$125,000,000 (such letter as amended, restated supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the Facility Letter). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such
terms in the Facility Letter.
By its terms the Facility Letter is scheduled to terminate on March 31, 2021. We understand that the
Borrowers wish to extend the term of the Facility Letter for an additional year which the Bank is willing to permit, subject to the terms and conditions of this letter agreement (this Amendment).
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements contained in this Amendment and other good and valuable consideration, the
sufficiency and receipt of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows.
Section 1.6 of the Facility Letter is hereby amended so that the following definition reads in its entirety as
follows:
Termination Date: March 31, 2022.
Each Borrower acknowledges (i) the Banks continuing right to cancel the Facility at any time upon written notice to the borrowers,
at which time all sums outstanding under the Facility shall be repayable upon demand, and (ii) that such right is not limited or diminished in any way by this Amendment or the amendments contained herein.
3 |
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES |
To induce the Bank to enter into this Amendment, the Trust on behalf of itself and each Borrower hereby represents and warrants on a
continuing basis to the Bank that (it being agreed that the Trust represents and warrants only to matters with respect to itself and each Borrower, and each Borrower represents and warrants only to matters with respect to itself):
(a) This Amendment and the Facility Letter (and the execution, delivery and performance
thereof) have been duly authorized and, in the case of this Amendment, executed and delivered by it, and constitute its legal, valid and binding obligations enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as enforceability may be limited by
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally and by general equitable principles (whether enforcement is sought by proceedings in equity or at law).
(b) The representations and warranties set forth in the Facility Letter are true and
correct in all material respects (provided that all representations and warranties already qualified in the Facility Letter as to materiality or the absence of a material adverse effect are true and correct in all respects) on the date hereof
with the same effect as if made on the date hereof, except to the extent such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties are true and correct in all material respects as of
such earlier date.
(c) Before and after giving effect to this Amendment, no Default or
Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
(d) The Trusts board of
trustees have authorized the amendments to the Facility Letter effected by this Amendment, including the extension of the term of the Facility Letter for an additional year.
This Amendment and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be governed by, and construed and interpreted in accordance with,
the substantive laws of the state of Illinois, without regard for its choice of law rules. Each Borrower, the Trust and the Bank hereby irrevocably waive any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this
Amendment or the transactions contemplated hereby. This Amendment may be executed by one or more of the parties to this Amendment on any number of separate counterparts (including by facsimile
transmission), and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument. The execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not, except
as expressly provided herein, operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of the Bank under the Facility Letter, nor constitute a waiver of any provision thereof.
[The remainder of this page intentionally left blank; signature page follows.]
If the foregoing correctly sets forth our arrangement, please indicate your acceptance of the
terms hereof by signing in the appropriate space below and returning to the Bank the enclosed duplicate originals of this Amendment.
Yours faithfully, |
THE NORTHERN TRUST COMPANY |
By: /s/ Chase Palmer |
Name: Chase Palmer |
Title: Second Vice President |
ACCEPTED AND AGREED TO BY: |
ARIEL INVESTMENT TRUST, on behalf of |
Ariel Fund |
Ariel Appreciation Fund |
Ariel Focus Fund |
Ariel International Fund |
Ariel Global Fund |
By: /s/ James R. Rooney |
Name: James R. Rooney |
Title: Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit 99.(i)(i)
January 28, 2022
Ariel Investment Trust
200 E. Randolph Street
Suite 2900
Chicago, IL 60601
Re: |
Ariel Investment Trust |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
As
counsel for Ariel Investment Trust (the Registrant) we consent to the incorporation by reference of our opinion dated December 29, 2011 with respect to each of the Registrants series, excluding Ariel Discovery Fund, as filed
with the Registrants registration statement on Form N-1A, Securities Act File No. 33-7699, on December 30, 2011.
In giving this consent we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7
of the Securities Act of 1933.
Very truly yours, | ||||
GREENBERG TRAURIG, LLP | ||||
/s/ Greenberg Traurig, LLP |
GREENBERG TRAURIG, LLP ∎ ATTORNEYS AT LAW ∎ WWW.GTLAW.COM
1144 15th Street, Suite 3300 ∎ Denver, Colorado ∎ Tel 303.572.6500 ∎ Fax 303.572.6540
ACTIVE 62483462
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Post-Effective Amendment to Registration Statement No. 33-7699 on Form N-1A of our report dated November 15, 2021, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights of Ariel Fund, Ariel Appreciation Fund, Ariel Focus Fund, Ariel International Fund, and Ariel Global
Fund, each a series of Ariel Investment Trust, appearing in the Annual Report on Form N-CSR of Ariel Investment Trust for the year ended September 30, 2021, and to the references to us under the headings
Financial Highlights in the Prospectus and Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm in the Statement of Additional Information, which are a part of such Registration
Statement.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Chicago, Illinois
January 28, 2022
CODE OF ETHICS
Ariel Investment Trust, Ariel Investments, LLC, Ariel Distributors, LLC, Ariel
Alternatives, LLC, and Project Black Management Company, LLC
As amended December 31, 2021
A.
Applicability
Ariel Personnel You are subject to this Code of Ethics (Code) if you are an employee or officer of Ariel
Investments, LLC (Ariel Investments), Ariel Distributors, LLC (Distributor), Ariel Capital Management Holdings, Inc. (ACM Holdings), Ariel Alternatives, LLC (Ariel Alternatives) or Project Black
Management Company, LLC (Project Black ManCo). Consultants or interns for these entities may be subject to this Code as determined by these entitys respective Chief Compliance Officer.
Disinterested Trustees Disinterested Trustees of Ariel Investment Trust (Trust) are access persons of each series of the Trust (Trust
Fund). If you are a Disinterested Trustee, you are subject to Code Section B Governing Principles with respect to the Trust Funds. You are not subject to Code Sections D, F, G and H. You are also not subject to Code Section E
except for Section E.8, which sets forth your Code reporting obligations.
Disinterested Directors Disinterested Directors of Ariel Investments are
access persons of all Ariel Investments Clients. If you are a Disinterested Director, you are subject to Code Section B Governing Principles with respect to all Clients. You are not subject to Code Sections D, F, G and H. You are also
not subject to Code Section E except for Section E.9, which sets forth your Code reporting obligations.
Outside Board Members Outside Board Members
as used herein is any member of the board of managers or advisory board of Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCo that is not an employee of Ariel Alternatives, Ariel Investments or Project Black Manco and will not receive any MNPI. As a
result, Outside Board Members are not deemed to be access persons. If you are an Outside Board Member, you are subject to Code Section B Governing Principles with respect to all Clients. You are not subject to Code Sections D, F, G and
H. You are also not subject to Code Section E except for Section E.10, which sets forth your Code reporting obligations.
1
Ariel Entities Ariel Investments, the Distributor, ACM Holdings, Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCo
are subject to all sections of the Code pertaining to their respective investments in securities.
B. Governing Principles
At all times, the interests of our Clients/Trust Funds must come first. To that end, you must:
· |
Be vigilant in maintaining the integrity of our business by promoting ethical conduct, creating a culture of compliance |
· |
Comply with applicable securities laws and regulations;1 and |
· |
Conduct your personal securities transactions and other activities in a manner consistent with, and in compliance with, |
In connection with a purchase or sale, directly or
indirectly, of a Security Held or to Be Acquired by any Client/Trust Fund, you may not:
· |
Employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud any Client/Trust Fund; |
· |
Make any untrue statement of a material fact to, or omit to state a material fact to, any Client/Trust Fund; |
· |
Engage in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on any Client/Trust |
· |
Engage in any manipulative practice with respect to any Client/Trust Fund. |
1. Reportable Security. The term Reportable Security means any:
· |
Share of any mutual fund advised or sub-advised by Ariel Investments |
· |
Share of any closed-end fund (a limited structured fund that raises a fixed |
1 These securities laws and regulations include the Securities Act of 1933 (the Securities Act), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act), and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the Advisers Act), each, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and all other applicable Federal
securities laws (as defined under Rule 38a-1 of the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act), and applicable rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
2
· |
Share issued in any Limited Offering (as defined in Section C.14), including any limited partnership |
· |
Interest in limited partnerships and limited liability companies, generally; |
· |
Security future; |
· |
Bond, debenture or evidence of indebtedness; |
· |
Municipal bond or interest in a Section 529 plan; |
· |
Certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement; |
· |
Collateral-trust certificate, voting-trust certificate, pre-organization |
· |
Transferable share; |
· |
Investment contract (which may include an interest in a limited partnership or a limited liability company); |
· |
Certificate of deposit for a security versus a certificate of deposit offered by a bank; |
· |
Fractional undivided interest in oil, gas or other mineral rights; |
· |
Any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or |
· |
In general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a security; |
· |
Certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guaranty of, or warrant |
· |
Initial coin offering, which is an offering involving the exchange of currency for a digital asset, such as bitcoin. |
Reportable Security does not include:
· |
Direct obligations of the U.S. Government, such as U.S. bonds or treasuries; |
· |
Bankers acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and high-quality short-term debt instruments |
· |
Shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more |
· |
Shares of registered open-end investment companies or series where Ariel |
Special Note: Open-end investment companies are commonly referred to as
mutual funds and can be distinguished from closed-end funds and ETFs based
3
on the fact that open-end investment companies, unlike closed-end funds and ETFs, stand ready to redeem their
shares and typically do not trade on a stock exchange.
2. Reportable Account. A Reportable Account is an account at a
broker, dealer, bank or other financial institution in which transactions in Reportable Securities may be executed. These accounts include Section 529 plans and retirement plan accounts, such as 401(k) and 403(b) plans, if the account is
self-directed and can execute transactions in a Reportable Security.
Special Note: A Reportable Account does not include
an account held directly with an open-end investment company that is not advised or sub-advised by Ariel Investments (e.g., a direct account with the Longleaf Funds).
3. Advisory Person or You. An Advisory Person or You refers to:
· |
Any director, trustee, officer or employee of Ariel Investments, ACM Holdings, the Trust, the Distributor, Ariel |
· |
Any Outside Board Member; |
· |
Any natural person in a control relationship to Ariel Investments, the Trust, the Distributor, ACM Holdings, Ariel |
· |
ACM Holdings, Ariel Investments, the Distributor, Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCo. |
4. Ariel Investments Separate Account. Ariel Investments Separate Account refers to accounts that are:
· |
Separately managed by Ariel Investments on your behalf as a Client (or on behalf of your Immediate Family |
· |
Traded and managed in accordance with Ariel Investments investment strategies; and |
· |
Subject to Ariel Investments trading procedures. |
5. Beneficial Ownership. You have a Beneficial Ownership of a Reportable Security or Reportable Account when you, or an
Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner living in the same household (as defined in Code Sections C.12 and C.13 below), directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise
has or shares:
· |
Investment power or discretion in respect to: |
o |
A Reportable Security (the power or discretion to direct the purchase or sale of a Reportable Security) or |
o |
A Reportable Account; or |
· |
The opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in the gains, losses, dividends, or interest obtained from: |
4
o |
A Reportable Security transaction or holding or |
o |
Transactions or holdings in a Reportable Account. |
6. Client. A Client refers to any person or entity for which Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives or Project Black
ManCo manages investments or otherwise acts as investment adviser, including all Ariel-advised mutual funds.
7. Chief Compliance
Officer. Chief Compliance Officer refers to Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCos Chief Compliance Officer, as applicable.2
8. Control. Control means the power to exercise a controlling influence over a companys management or policies,
unless such power is solely the result of an official position with that company. Any person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company is presumed to control such company, unless the Chief Compliance Officer decides
otherwise.3
9. Directly or Indirectly. For purposes of the prohibition in
Section B on purchases or sales of Reportable Securities, directly or indirectly refers to any transaction involving
· |
Any other security of the same issuer; or |
· |
Any derivative security or other instrument relating to the same security or any other security of the same issuer, |
10. Discretionary Account. Discretionary Account means a Reportable Account over which:
· |
You or an Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner has no direct or indirect influence or control; |
· |
You or an Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner does not receive notice of transactions prior to execution; and |
· |
A person or entity not subject to the Code has sole investment power. |
2 In the event
that Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives or Project Black ManCos Chief Compliance Officer has a conflict, is unavailable or unable to act, then the following people, in the following order, will assume the role of Chief
Compliance Officer: Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCos General Counsel; Ariel Investments President, Ariel Alternatives Chief Executive Officer and/or Project Black ManCos
Executive Chairman; or any Ariel Investments Executive Vice President, Ariel Alternatives Senior Managing Director and/or Project Black ManCo Senior Managing Director not involved in the proposed transaction.
3 Please note
that beneficial ownership may be either direct or through one or more controlled companies.
5
11. Disinterested Trustee, Disinterested Director or Outside Board Member. The term
Disinterested Trustee, Disinterested Director or Outside Board Member includes an independent Trustee of the Trust, an independent Director of Ariel Investments or Outside Board Member of Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCo.4
12. Domestic Partner. The term Domestic partner means a person,
18 years of age or older:
· |
To whom you are neither married nor related; |
· |
With whom you live in the same residence and intend to do so indefinitely; and |
· |
With whom you have an exclusive committed relationship. |
13. Immediate Family Member. The term Immediate Family Member means a member of your immediate family sharing your
household. Immediate family means son, daughter (including a legally adopted child) or any descendants of either, stepson or stepdaughter, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, father or mother or any ancestor of either, stepfather or stepmother,
mother-in-law or father-in-law, siblings or siblings-in-law, and spouse.
14. Limited Offering. The term Limited
Offering means an offering that is exempt from registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Examples of limited offerings include private placements and interests in limited partnerships and limited liability companies.
15. Purchase or Sale of a Reportable Security. The term Purchase or Sale of a Reportable Security includes, among other
things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a Reportable Security, and the exercise of that option.
16. Security Held or
to Be Acquired. Security Held or to Be Acquired by any Client means:
· |
Any Reportable Security which, within the most recent 15-day period* is or has |
o |
Held by any Client in any Ariel Investments or Ariel Alternatives strategy (as applicable); or |
o |
Considered by Ariel Investments or Ariel Alternatives for purchase or sale by any Client in any Ariel Investments or |
4 An independent Trustee is a trustee who is not an interested person of the Trust within the meaning of
Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. An independent Director is a director (i) who is not an interested person of Ariel Investments within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19)(B) of the 1940 Act for any reason other than as a
director of Ariel Investments and as an owner of direct or beneficial interests in ACM Holdings or Ariel Investments (but owner of no more than 5% of ACM Holdings or Ariels outstanding voting securities), and (ii) who has no
involvement with the day-to-day operations of Ariel Investments, ACM Holdings, the Distributor or the Trust. An Outside Board Member is any member of the board of
managers or advisory board of Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black Manco that is not an employee of Ariel Alternatives.
6
· |
Any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, any Reportable Security described |
A Reportable Security is or has been considered for purchase or sale when, within the most recent 15-day period, a recommendation to purchase or sell a Reportable Security has been made and communicated and remains in effect and, with respect to the person making the recommendation, the point in time when such
person seriously considers making such a recommendation.
*The most recent 15-day period when
analyzing actual purchases or sales of Reportable Securities is the seven calendar days before or after the transaction.
D. Prohibited Actions
Relating to Reportable Securities Applicable to Ariel Personnel and Entities
1. These prohibitions apply to all Reportable
Securities in which you have Beneficial Ownership.
2. Purchases or Sales by Advisory Persons of a Security Held or to Be Acquired
by or for Any Client. Advisory Persons associated with Ariel Investments may not purchase or sell any Security Held or to be Acquired by or for any Ariel Investments Client and Advisory Persons associated with Ariel Alternatives may not purchase
or sell any Security Held or to be Acquired by or for any Ariel Alternatives Client unless the Chief Compliance Officer has determined that:
· |
The purchase or sale of such security is de minimis; and |
· |
There are no pending client orders for the same security. |
A transaction generally will be deemed de minimis if the transaction, aggregated with all your transactions in the same (or equivalent)
security during the thirty (30) days prior to the request, involves fewer than 500 shares with a total cost of $25,000 or less in an issuer with a market capitalization of $5 billion or more.
Ariel Investments Chief Compliance Officer will maintain:
· |
A restricted list consisting of those securities held for any Ariel Investments Client. |
· |
A watch list consisting of those securities to be acquired by or for any Ariel Investments Client. |
Ariel Alternatives Chief Compliance Officer will maintain:
· |
A restricted list consisting of those securities held for any Ariel |
Alternatives Client.
· |
A watch list consisting of those securities to be acquired by or for any Ariel Alternatives Client, or with respect to |
7
3. Inducing a Client to Take Action. You may not intentionally induce or cause any
Client to take action or to fail to take action, in order to obtain a personal benefit. For example, you may neither have a Client purchase a Reportable Security you own in order to support or drive up the securitys price, nor stop a Client
from selling a Reportable Security in order to protect the value of your investment.
4. Personal Profit from Knowledge of Client
Transactions. You may not use actual knowledge of Client transactions to profit from such transactions.
5. Failure to Make
Recommendations. You may not intentionally fail to consider the purchase of, or fail to purchase, a Reportable Security for a Client in order to avoid the appearance of a conflict arising from a personal transaction in that security.
6. Prohibition of Certain Short-Term Trading.5 You may not:
· |
Profit from the purchase and sale, or sale and purchase, of the same (or equivalent) Reportable Securities (excluding |
· |
Sell, redeem or exchange shares of Ariel-advised mutual funds within sixty (60) calendar days after buying such |
· |
Write an option on a Reportable Security if the option will expire in less than sixty (60) calendar days; or |
· |
Exercise an option on a Reportable Security within sixty (60) calendar days of purchase of the option. |
7. Insider Trading Prohibition. You may not engage in insider trading which includes:
· |
Transacting in any security, either personally or on behalf of others, when in possession of material, nonpublic |
· |
Communicating material, nonpublic information regarding a security to others who then transact in the security. |
See the Insider Trading Policy and Procedures set forth in Exhibit A for more details.
The Chief Compliance Officer for Ariel Investments and Ariel Alternatives will maintain a separate MNPI list for each entity that identifies all
securities for which that entitys employees have material nonpublic information.
E. Reporting and Prior Approvals
5 With respect to short term trades, the Code looks to the last transaction you made in the same (or equivalent)
Reportable Security in any of your reportable accounts.
8
1. These reporting and prior approval provisions apply to all Reportable Securities and
Reportable Accounts in which you have Beneficial Ownership.
2. Initial and Annual Disclosure.
· |
Within ten (10) days of becoming an Advisory Person, you must: |
o |
Report all your Reportable Accounts and holdings of Reportable Securities as of a date no more than 45 days prior to |
o |
Execute the Code of Ethics Certification (Exhibit C). |
· |
On an annual basis, you must: |
o |
Report no later than January 30 all your Reportable Accounts and holdings of Reportable Securities as of December |
o |
Execute the Code of Ethics Certification (Exhibit C). |
Special Note: As indicated in Section E.6 below, you are limited to having Reportable Accounts at only certain firms
acceptable to the Chief Compliance Officer.
3. Duplicate Transaction Confirmations and Account Statements. You must
provide, or direct your broker to supply to, the Chief Compliance Officer with duplicate copies of transaction confirmations and account statements pertaining to all your Reportable Accounts. These confirmations and account statements are due no
more than thirty (30) days after they become available to you.
4. Quarterly Reporting. You must report no later than
thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar quarter to the Chief Compliance Officer:
· |
All your transactions in Reportable Securities that took place during the prior calendar quarter; or |
· |
If no such transactions took place, the fact that no such transactions took place. |
5. Prior Approval of the Purchase and Sale of Reportable Securities. You must obtain prior written approval of the Chief Compliance
Officer before executing the purchase or sale of any Reportable Security. The Chief Compliance Officer has discretion to place conditions on such approvals. Unless otherwise determined by the Chief Compliance Officer, all approvals expire at the
close of the business day following the date of approval.
· |
Prior Approval of Initial Public Offerings and Limited Offerings. In reviewing requests for approval of a |
9
· |
Exemption for Purchases, Sales, Redemptions, or Exchanges of Ariel Investments-Advised Open End Mutual Fund Shares and |
Special Note: Ariel Investments-advised ETFs are not exempted from this requirement.
6. Opening Reportable Accounts Prior Approval and Immediate Reporting.
Accounts Requiring Immediate Reporting. For the following Reportable Accounts, you must report the account opening to the Chief Compliance
Officer on the same day as the accounts inception (you do not need to obtain prior approval):
· |
Reportable Accounts at firms identified as acceptable to the Chief Compliance Officer, all of which are identified within |
· |
A direct account with any Ariel-advised mutual fund (i.e., an account in which you can buy, sell, redeem or exchange |
· |
Any account in which only transactions in municipal securities are permitted (such as Section 529 plans); |
· |
A compensation or retirement plan connected with employment (such as 401(k) and stock option plans) in which you could |
· |
IRA account transfers (within the same firm, or to a firm that has been identified as acceptable to the Chief Compliance |
· |
Changes to the registered name on an account; and |
· |
Transfers to a living trust for the benefit of a shareowner or your spouse (within the same firm). |
Accounts Requiring Prior Approval. You must obtain prior written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer before opening any other Reportable
Account. Note: generally, you are limited to Reportable Accounts at only certain firms acceptable to the Chief Compliance Officer all of which are identified within the Ariel entities code of ethics compliance system and either
currently provide such system employee trading feeds or are 529 plan accounts.
Special Note: The only compensation or retirement
plans that need to be reported are those plans in which the plan participant has the option of investing in any Reportable Security. For example, if your spouse has a 401(k) plan that can only invest in
open-end mutual funds excluding Ariel-advised mutual funds,
10
then you do not need to report that account.
7. Reporting Code
Violations. You must report promptly to the Chief Compliance Officer any and all Code violations, regardless of whether you are responsible for the violation. Failure to report any Code violation is itself a Code violation.
8. Reporting Obligations of Disinterested Trustees
· |
Code of Ethics Certification Within ten (10) days of being designated a Disinterested Trustee, and |
· |
Transaction Reporting Requirements No later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, each |
o |
A Trust Fund purchased or sold such Reportable Security, or |
o |
Ariel considered purchasing or selling such Reportable Security for a Trust Fund. |
No reporting requirement exists if a Disinterested Trustee purchases a security and then subsequently learns that Ariel, within the 15-day reporting period, purchased, sold or considered a purchase or sale of the same security for a Trust Fund.
9. Reporting Obligations of Disinterested Directors
· |
Code of Ethics Certification Within ten (10) days of being designated a Disinterested Director, and |
· |
Transaction Reporting Requirements No later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, each |
o |
A Client purchased or sold such Reportable Security, or |
11
o |
Ariel considered purchasing or selling such Reportable Security for a Client. |
No reporting requirement exists if a Disinterested Director purchases a security and then subsequently learns that Ariel Investments, within the 15-day reporting period, purchased, sold or considered a purchase or sale of the same security for a Client.
10. Reporting Obligations of Outside Board Members
· |
Code of Ethics Certification Within ten (10) days of being designated an Outside Board Member, and |
· |
Transaction Reporting Requirements Each Outside Board Member should consult with the Chief Compliance |
o |
A Client has purchased or sold or is expected to purchase or sell such Reportable Security, or |
o |
Ariel has considered or is considering purchasing or selling such Reportable Security for a Client. |
F. Exempt Transactions
1. The prohibitions of Section D and the obligations imposed by Sections E.4 and E.5 do not apply to:
· |
Involuntary Transactions. Purchases or sales of securities that are |
· |
Dividend Reinvestments. Purchases that are part of an automatic dividend reinvestment plan; |
· |
Pro Rata Rights. Purchases effected upon the exercise of rights issued by the issuer proportionately to all |
· |
Systematic Investment Plans. Purchases or sales transacted through a systematic (or automatic) plan involving |
2. Exemption for Discretionary Accounts and Ariel Investments
Separate Accounts. The prohibitions of Section D, the reporting obligations imposed by Sections E.3, E.4 and E.5, and the reporting obligations imposed by Section E.2
6 This exemption applies only to the extent such rights were acquired from such issuer.
12
relating only to Reportable Securities do not apply to any Discretionary Account or Ariel Investments Separate Account. To qualify for this exemption:
· |
You must report your Discretionary Account(s) or Ariel Investments Separate Account as required by Section E.2 of the |
· |
You must request the Chief Compliance Officers written approval to open any new Discretionary Account(s) or Ariel |
· |
With respect to Discretionary Accounts only, you must provide initial and annual certifications as described in the |
· |
With respect to Ariel Investments Separate Accounts for which you serve as a portfolio manager, you must obtain prior |
o |
To make any transactions in your Ariel Investments Separate Account that are different from transactions made for other |
o |
To refrain from making transactions in your Ariel Investments Separate Account that you are making for other Clients |
Special Note: The Chief Compliance Officer has authority under this Code to
determine at any time whether a particular account qualifies or continues to qualify as a Discretionary Account, whether additional information should be provided by the relevant person(s) or whether additional steps must be taken by the relevant
person(s) in order to maintain Discretionary Account status for the relevant account.
3. Exemption for Purchases and Sales of
Units of Ariel Investments and Shares of ACM Holdings. The reporting obligations imposed by Sections E.2 through E.6 do not apply to the purchase or sale of Ariel Investments units and shares of ACM Holdings. Nevertheless, within 30 days after
each quarter end, Ariel Investments Finance Department will provide the Chief Compliance Officer with a list of:
· |
Your transactions in Ariel Investments units and ACM Holdings shares during the prior quarter; and |
· |
Your holdings in Ariel Investments units and ACM Holdings shares. |
4. Exemption for Purchases and Sales of Reportable Securities in Ariel Employees Profit Sharing and Savings
Plan & Trust. The reporting obligations imposed by Sections E.2 through E.6 do not apply to the purchase or sale of Reportable Securities in Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, and/or Project Black ManCo Employees
Profit Sharing and Savings Plan & Trust (the Profit Sharing Plan). Nevertheless, within 30 days after each quarter end, Ariel Investments and Ariel Alternatives Finance Department will provide the Chief Compliance
Officer with a list of all the Profit Sharing Plans transactions in Reportable Securities during the prior quarter. Additionally, within 30 days after each year end, Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black
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ManCos Finance Department will provide the Chief Compliance Officer with a list of all employees Profit Sharing Plan holdings in Reportable Securities as of December 31.
Special Note: The Profit Sharing Plan is Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCos U.S. based
employees 401(k) plan. This exemption is applicable only to Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCos U.S. based employees.
5. Limited Exemption for Exercise of Options Received as Compensation Followed by Sale of Resulting Shares. The prohibitions of
Section D.6 (short-term tradings 60 day rule) do not apply to the exercise of a companys options received as compensation followed by the sale of the resulting company shares within sixty calendar days after exercising the options so
long as:
· |
The company shares at issue are currently not a Security Held or to Be Acquired by any Client; and |
· |
You obtain prior written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer pertaining to these transactions in accordance with |
6. Exemption for the Distributors Outsourced Financial Operations Professional. The
following sections do not apply to the Distributors Outsourced Financial Operations Professional (FINOP):7
· |
The prohibitions of Code Section D.1 through Section D.6; |
· |
Code Section E.2s annual reporting of Reportable Accounts and holdings of Reportable Securities; |
· |
The quarterly reporting obligations of Code Section E.4; and |
· |
The prior approval obligations of Code Section E.5 except that the FINOP must obtain prior written approval |
Special Note: For Outside Employment, the FINOP need only obtain prior written
approval from the Chief Compliance Officer.
G. Gifts and Entertainment
1. The giving or receiving of gifts or business entertainment could give rise to a potential or actual conflict of interest, such that the
gift or entertainment is provided as a kickback or quid pro quo.
2. Definitions for the purposes of this section:
· |
Ariel Business Partner is a Client, prospective Client or any person or entity that does or seeks to do |
7 The Distributors FINOP is not an employee of any other Ariel entity and therefore, with respect to personal securities trading, is subject to the obligations of FINRA Rules 3210 and 3280 only.
FINRA Rule 3210 requires, among other things, that this employee obtain the Distributors prior approval to open any account in which the employee has a beneficial interest and securities transactions can be effected. FINRA Rule 3280 requires
that this employee obtain prior written approval of any participation in a private securities transaction.
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· |
Gift is any item, service or accommodation of value. A gift can include meals, refreshments, goods, services, |
· |
Business entertainment is generally in the form of a social event, hospitality event, meal, leisure activity |
3. No Ariel
Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or Distributor employee may accept gifts, favors, entertainment, special accommodations, or other things of material value that could influence their decision-making or make them feel beholden to
any person or firm.
4. No Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or Distributor employee may give or accept:
· |
Any cash gifts or cash equivalent gifts (e.g., an American Express gift certificate) to or from any Ariel Business |
· |
Extravagant or excessive business entertainment to or from any Ariel Business Partner. Ariel or Distributor employees may |
5. With respect to
non-cash gifts, the following rules apply:
· |
Ariel Investments or Distributor employees cannot give or accept any non-cash |
· |
Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCo employees cannot give or accept any |
6. No Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or Distributor
employee may provide any gifts or entertainment to any member of the United States Congress or their staff unless the entertainment falls under one of three categories:
· |
Receptions. Finger food and/ or drinks offered at a reception, but not part of a meal; |
15
· |
Widely-attended event (25 or more attendees from more than one company) if the United States congressperson or |
· |
Official Duty-Attendance is appropriate to the persons official duties, such as meeting with constituents; |
· |
Unsolicited free attendance to a charitable event.8 |
7. The provision of gratuities to service providers to whom providing gratuities is customary is excluded from
these gift-giving prohibitions.
7. Foreign, federal, state, and local laws and clients may limit or prohibit Ariel Investments, Ariel
Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or Distributor employees from giving gifts, entertainment, or other payments. For example:
· |
State and local ethics laws, regulations or rules may limit or prohibit the giving of gifts, entertainment or other |
· |
The U.S. Department of Labors ERISA law limits gifts, entertainment or payments to ERISA plans, or certain persons |
· |
The U.S. and some foreign governments prohibit gifts, entertainment or payments to foreign government officials. |
· |
A Client may have supplied the applicable Ariel entity with its internal policy relating to the giving of gifts or |
Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or
Distributor employees should consult with the Chief Compliance Officer before giving gifts, entertainment or other payments to these persons or entities.
8. Reporting: All Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or Distributor employees are required to report gifts
and business entertainment received and given as outlined in guidelines provided by separate memorandum.
9. Prior to giving gifts or
business entertainment to the Trusts independent trustees, Ariel Investments, the Distributor or these entities employees must obtain the prior written approval of the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer.
H. Outside Employment
1.
Before accepting outside employment, which includes any business activity for which the employee receives compensation (Outside Employment), all Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or Distributor employees must
obtain prior written approval from their supervisor, the Chief Talent Officer and the Chief Compliance Officer. In evaluating requests for Outside Employment, the supervisor, Chief Talent Officer and Chief Compliance Officer will consider the
8 This prohibition is required for firms that hire an outside federal lobbying firm to work on its behalf.
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following, among other, factors:
· |
Whether the Outside Employment creates an actual or potential conflict of interest; |
· |
Whether the purpose and duties of the Outside Employment is consistent with the Ariel entity(ies) for which the employee |
· |
Whether there is a risk that Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or the Distributor will be seen |
· |
Whether employee will be involved in the financial decisions of the outside employer and the resulting risks to Ariel |
Annually, all Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives,
Project Black ManCo, and Distributor employees must report all such outside business activities via a certification process initiated by the compliance team.
This requirement does not extend to Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCo employees who are appointed to serve as directors of the privately
held companies purchased by these advisers for their clients.
2. Service as a Director of a Publicly Traded Company. Ariel
Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo, and Distributor employees may serve on the board of directors of any publicly traded company only if the employee obtains prior written approval from the Chief Compliance Officer. The Chief
Compliance Officers approval will be based upon a determination that such service is not inconsistent with the interests of any Client.
Special Note: Ariel Investments policy is to prohibit the purchase, on behalf of its clients, of those securities issued
by a company for which an Ariel Investments employee serves as a director. Ariel Investments Chief Compliance Officer will provide relevant Ariel Investments staff with a list identifying those securities subject to this prohibition.
3. Board Reporting. The Chief Compliance Officer will provide the following quarterly reporting to the following Boards:
· |
Ariel Investments Board of Directors and Ariel Investment Trust Board of Trustees All outside employment |
· |
Ariel Alternatives Board of Managers All outside employment involving service as a director of publicly or |
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I. Enforcement and Sanctions
1. Penalties for Violations of this Code. The Chief Compliance Officer will take any action he/she deems appropriate against any
Advisory Person who violates any provision of this Code. Such action may include:
· |
An oral reprimand, a written censure, fines (imposed in accordance with the Codes penalty floor guidelines detailed |
· |
A recommendation to the appropriate executive officer(s), the Trusts Board of Trustees, the Ariel Investments Board |
2. Reporting Code Violations to the Trusts Board of Trustees, Ariel Investments Board of Directors and/or Ariel
Alternatives Board of Managers. Each violation of this Code by Advisory Persons associated with the Trust and Ariel Investments will be reported to the Trusts Board of Trustees and Ariel Investments Board of Directors at or before
the respective Boards next regular meeting. Violations of this Code by Advisory Persons associated with Ariel Alternatives will be reported to Ariel Alternatives Board of Managers. The Trusts Board of Trustees, Ariel Investments Board of
Directors and Ariel Alternatives Board of Managers may impose sanctions in addition to those imposed by the Chief Compliance Officer.
3. Safe Harbor from Sections E.5 and D.2 Violations. The Chief Compliance Officer may make a written determination that an Advisory
Person who sold a de minimis position of a Reportable Security without obtaining prior approval did not violate Section E.5 of the Code.
4. Safe Harbor from Section E.6 Violations. The Chief Compliance Officer may make a written determination that an Advisory Person
who opened a Reportable Account without reporting it on the same day as the accounts inception or obtaining prior approval did not violate Section E.6 of the Code if such person had not yet made any transactions in the applicable Reportable
Account.
J. Administration of the Code
1. Administration of the Code. The Chief Compliance Officer will administer the Code, using reasonable diligence and instituting
procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Code violations. Among other things, the Chief Compliance Officer will review reports submitted by Advisory Persons against pre-clearance requests, transaction
confirmations and account statements on a quarterly basis, and look for unusual or very large trades, which may indicate insider trading.
2. Recordkeeping. The Chief Compliance Officer will maintain a record of all Code violations, and of any action taken as a result
of the violation. The record of violations will be maintained for five years in an easily accessible place.
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3. List of Advisory Persons. The Chief Compliance Officer will prepare a list of the
Advisory Persons, update the list as necessary, and maintain former lists.
4. Notice of Amendments to the Code. The Chief
Compliance Officer will provide you with all Code amendments, and you will acknowledge receipt of all amendments.
5. Exceptions
and Exemptions. The Chief Compliance Officer may grant an exception to or exemption from this Code to any person, transaction or series of transactions, provided that the exception or exemption is not contrary to the mandatory requirements of
the 1940 Act or the Advisers Act. Exceptions or exemptions must be in writing and specify the Code section(s) from which the person, transaction or series of transactions is excepted or exempted, the reasons for the exception or exemption and any
conditions related to the exception or exemption.
6. Annual Report for the Trust, Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives and
Project Black ManCo. At least once a year, the Chief Compliance Officer will furnish to the Trusts Board of Trustees, Ariel Investments Board of Directors, and Ariel Alternatives Board of Managers, and the respective Boards will
consider, a written report that:
· |
Considers the Codes adequacy and the effectiveness of its implementation; |
· |
Describes any issues arising under the Code since the last annual report that are relevant to the respective Boards |
· |
For the Trust and Ariel Investments, certifies that the Trust, Ariel Investments and the Distributor have adopted |
· |
For Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCo, certifies that Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCo have adopted |
7. Changes to the Code. The Trusts Board of
Trustees (including a majority of the Disinterested Trustees voting separately) will consider and determine whether to approve any material change to this Code at its next regular Board meeting after such change, and in no event more than six
(6) months thereafter.
8. Maintaining Copies of Versions of the Code. A copy of each version of the Code will be
maintained for five (5) years in an easily accessible place.
9. Disclosure. The Code will be described in the applicable
Ariel entitys Form ADV, Part 2A, and a copy of the Code will be provided to any Client or prospective Client upon request.
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EXHIBIT A
INSIDER TRADING POLICY AND PROCEDURES
1.
Insider Trading Policy
As set forth in Code Section D.7, all directors, trustees, officers, board of manager members, advisory board members or
employees of the Trust, Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo and the Distributor are prohibited from trading in any security, either personally or on behalf of others, including Ariel Investments Clients such as the Trust
and Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCos Clients, on the basis of material nonpublic information or communicating material nonpublic information to others in violation of the law. This conduct is frequently referred to as
insider trading. Federal securities laws prohibit insider trading and such laws may extend to activities within and outside your duties at the Trust, Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo, or the Distributor.
Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo, and Distributor employees must notify the Chief Compliance Officer immediately if they have any reason to
believe that a violation of this policy has occurred or is about to occur. Employee questions regarding this policy should be referred to the Chief Compliance Officer.
The term insider trading generally is used to refer to the use of material nonpublic information to trade in securities (whether or not one is an
insider) or to communication of material nonpublic information to others.
The law concerning insider trading is generally understood to prohibit:
· |
Trading by an insider, while in possession of material, nonpublic information; or |
· |
Trading by a non-insider, while in possession of material, nonpublic information, |
· |
Communicating material nonpublic information to others. |
Who is an Insider?
The concept of
insider is broad, and includes a companys officers, directors, trustees, and employees. Each director, trustee, officer, manager, or employee of the Trust, Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo and the
Distributor is considered an insider of his or her respective company or companies.
A person can be a temporary insider if he enters
into a special confidential relationship in the conduct of a companys affairs and as a result is given access to information solely for the companys purposes. A temporary insider can include, among others, a companys attorneys,
accountants, consultants, bank lending officers, and the employees of such organizations. Additionally, Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or the Distributor may become a temporary insider of a company they advise or for
which they perform other services. To be an insider, the company must expect the outsider to keep the disclosed nonpublic
20
information confidential, and the companys relationship with an insider must at least imply such a duty.
What is Material Information?
Trading
on inside information is not a basis for liability unless the information is material. Material Information generally is defined as information for which there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable investor would consider it
important in making his or her investment decisions, or information that is reasonably certain to have a substantial effect on the price of a companys securities.
Information that should be considered as material includes, but is not limited to: dividend changes, earnings estimates, changes in previously
released earnings estimates, significant merger or acquisition proposals or agreements, major litigation, liquidation problems, and extraordinary management developments.
Material Information also may relate to the market for a companys securities. Information about a significant order to purchase or sell
securities may, in some contexts, be deemed material. Similarly, prepublication information regarding reports in the financial press also may be deemed material. Moreover, advance reports of securities to be bought or sold by a large, influential
institutional investor, such as the Trust, may be deemed material to an investment in those portfolio securities.
Advance knowledge of important
proposed government regulation, for example, could also be deemed material information regarding companies in regulated industries.
What is
Nonpublic Information?
Information is nonpublic until it has been broadly distributed to the public marketplace. For example, information is
public after it has become available to the general public through a public filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission or some other governmental agency, the Dow Jones tape or The Wall Street Journal or some other
publication of general circulation or the internet, and after sufficient time has passed so that the information has been widely distributed.
Penalties for Insider Trading.
Civil
and criminal penalties for trading on or communicating material nonpublic information are severe, both for individuals involved in such unlawful conduct and their employers. A person can be subject to some or all of the penalties below even if
he or she does not personally benefit from the violation. Penalties include:
· |
Civil injunctions; |
· |
Disgorgement of profits; |
21
· |
Civil fines for the person who committed the violation of up to three times the profit gained, or loss avoided, whether |
· |
Civil fines for the employer or other controlling person of up to the greater of $1,000,000 or three times the amount of |
· |
Criminal fines of up to $5,000,000 for individuals or $25,000,000 for non-natural |
In addition, employee violations of this policy can be expected to result in serious sanctions by Ariel Investments,
Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo and/or the Distributor, including dismissal.
2. Identifying Inside Information
Before any Ariel entity employee covered by this policy executes any trade for the employee or on the behalf of others, including the Trust, in the securities of a
company about which the employee may have potential inside information, the following questions should be considered:
· |
Is the information material? Is this information that an investor would consider important in making his or her |
· |
Is the information nonpublic? How was the information obtained? To whom has this information been provided? Has the |
If, after consideration of the above, it is found that the information is material and nonpublic, or if the person has questions as to whether
the information is material and nonpublic, Ariel entity employees should take the following steps before any trade is executed:
· |
Report the matter immediately to the Chief Compliance Officer; |
· |
The securities should not be purchased or sold by the person or on behalf of others, including a Client; |
· |
The information should not be communicated inside or outside any Ariel entity, other than to the Chief Compliance |
· |
After the issue has been reviewed, the Chief Compliance Officer will instruct the person as to whether to continue the |
Disinterested Trustees,
Disinterested Directors and Outside Board Members are encouraged to discuss any questions regarding potential inside information relating to Ariel Investments, the Trust, Ariel Alternatives or Project Black ManCo with counsel for Ariel Investments,
Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo, the Trust or Independent Trustees.
22
3. Contacts with Public Companies
Contacts with public companies represent an important part of Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives, and Project Black ManCos research efforts.
Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCo may make investment decisions on the basis of the firms conclusions formed through such contacts and analysis of publicly available information. Difficult legal issues arise,
however, when, in the course of these contacts, an Ariel Investments, Ariel Alternatives or Project Black ManCo employee or other person subject to this policy becomes aware of material, nonpublic information. This could happen, for example, if a
companys Chief Financial Officer prematurely discloses quarterly results to the analyst or an investor relations representative makes a selective disclosure of adverse news to a handful of investors. In such a situation, Ariel Investments,
Ariel Alternatives and/or Project Black ManCo (as applicable) must make a judgment as to its further conduct. For the protection of the company and its employees, the Chief Compliance Officer should be contacted if an employee believes that Ariel
Investments, Ariel Alternatives, Project Black ManCo or its employees have received material, nonpublic information.
4. Expert Networks
Ariel Investments policy is not to utilize expert network firms in connection with its investment research. This policy is set forth in
Section 8.8 of Ariel Investments compliance manual (pertaining to portfolio management). If an Ariel Investments research team employee would like to utilize such a firm, the procedures therein require, among other things, prior
written approval by the teams Director of Research and the Chief Compliance Officer.
Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCos policy
allows for the utilization of expert network firms in connection with its investment research so long as such utilization is approved, in advance, by the Chief Compliance Officer, and controls imposed by the Chief Compliance Officer are followed
by the business.
5. Tender Offers
Tender offers
represent a particular concern in the law of insider trading for two reasons. First, tender offer activity often produces extraordinary gyrations in the price of the target companys securities. Trading during this time period is more likely to
attract regulatory attention (and produces a disproportionate percentage of insider trading cases). Second, the Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted a rule which expressly forbids trading and tipping while in possession of
material, nonpublic information regarding a tender offer received from the tender offeror, the target company or anyone acting on behalf of either. Persons subject to this policy should exercise particular caution any time they become aware of
nonpublic information relating to a tender offer.
6. Service on Company and Non-Profit Boards of
Directors
Ariel Investments does not buy for its clients securities of privately held companies or securities issued by a public company for which an
Ariel Investments employee serves as a director. Ariel Alternatives and Project Black ManCo do not buy for its clients securities issued by a public company for which an Ariel Alternatives or Project Black
23
ManCo employee serves as a director. That said, employees serving on company or non-profit boards of directors may receive material, nonpublic inside
information about other public companies. These employees should contact the Chief Compliance Officer in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 2 Identifying Inside Information above.
24
EXHIBIT B
SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEDURES FOR DISCRETIONARY ACCOUNTS
The
following procedures govern the Codes requirements for Discretionary Accounts.
1. Accounts qualifying as Discretionary. To qualify as a
Discretionary Account, you and the trustee, broker or adviser (third party manager) for the account will agree that you or your Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner will not have any direct or indirect influence or control over
the account. You or your Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner may, however: (a) inform the third party manager of general investment objectives, such as a need for income, the degree of risk tolerance, and general mix and asset
allocation guidelines; and (b) receive confirmation statements or monthly statements in regular course after transactions are effected. You or your Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner may not either direct or suggest to the third party
manager any purchases or sales of investments, or consult with the third party manager as to the particular allocation of investments to be made in the account.
2. Prior Approval of these Accounts Required. In order to be exempt from the provisions outlined in paragraph 3 below, you must obtain prior
written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer before opening a Discretionary Account. You should discuss the proposed account with the Chief Compliance Officer, who will review the identity of the account holder; the identity of the trustee,
broker or adviser having investment discretion; and the written terms of the arrangement.
3. Code Exemptions for Approved Discretionary
Accounts. An approved Discretionary Account relieves you ONLY from the prohibitions of Section D (other than the prohibitions of D.7) and the reporting obligations imposed by Sections E.3, E.4 and E.5, and the reporting obligations imposed by
Section E.2 relating only to Reportable Securities. You are still subject at all times to general insider trading restrictions as well as the high fiduciary standards expected from all Advisory Persons.
4. Initial and Annual Certifications. You will initially and annually certify, in substantially the following form:
The undersigned certifies that, as of this day and for the period since the last certification or the establishment of the Discretionary Account, you
or your Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner has had no direct or indirect influence or control over any particular transaction made or to be made in the account and the third party manager has made all investment decisions without informing
you or your Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner as to the transaction until after the transaction has been effected.
5. Termination of
Arrangements. If at any time you or your Immediate Family Member or Domestic Partner determines to exercise any influence or control over the account, including consulting with respect to any particular transaction, you must give prior notice to
the Chief Compliance Officer. The account will then be subject to all provisions of the Code, and the exemptions in paragraph 3 of these procedures will be revoked.
25
6. Chief Compliance Officer Discretion. The Chief Compliance Officer has discretion to withhold
approval of blind trust or discretionary accounts arrangements, or at any time to impose additional or different conditions on such accounts.
26
EXHIBIT C
CODE OF ETHICS CERTIFICATION FOR EMPLOYEES
I acknowledge that I
have received and read a copy of the Code of Ethics, as amended December 31, 2021, for Ariel Investment Trust, Ariel Investments, LLC, Ariel Distributors, LLC, Ariel Alternatives, LLC and Project Black Management Company, LLC. I understand my
responsibilities under the Code of Ethics and agree to comply with all of its terms and conditions. I further agree that my adherence to the Code of Ethics is a condition of employment with Ariel Investments, LLC, Ariel Alternatives, LLC, and/or
Project Black Management Company, LLC, as applicable. I will retain a copy of this Code of Ethics for future reference.
I further certify that I have complied
with the requirements of the Code of Ethics, as amended December 31, 2021, and I have disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions and accounts required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to such Code of Ethics.
CODE OF ETHICS CERTIFICATION FOR DISINTERESTED TRUSTEES,
DISINTERESTED DIRECTORS OR OUTSIDE BOARD MEMBERS
I acknowledge
that I have received and read a copy of the Code of Ethics, as amended December 31, 2021. I understand my responsibilities under the Code of Ethics and agree to comply with all of its terms and conditions. I will retain a copy of this Code of
Ethics for future reference.
I further certify that I have complied with the requirements of the Code of Ethics, as amended December 31, 2021, and I have
disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to such Code of Ethics.